What does the ALT/AST test help to monitor in patients receiving TB treatment?

The ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) tests are essential for monitoring liver function in patients undergoing treatment for tuberculosis (TB). These enzymes are indicators of liver health; their levels can increase when liver cells are damaged or inflamed, which can occur with certain TB medications.

Many antitubercular drugs, such as isoniazid and rifampicin, have the potential to cause hepatotoxicity. Regular monitoring of ALT and AST levels allows healthcare providers to detect any liver injury early, enabling timely interventions such as dose adjustments or switching medications if necessary. This is crucial because maintaining liver function is essential for overall health, especially during a demanding treatment regimen.

The other options refer to different organ systems that are not directly assessed by the ALT/AST test. Kidney function is monitored through tests like creatinine levels and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cardiovascular health is evaluated through other specific cardiac markers, and respiratory function typically relies on spirometry and other pulmonary function tests, rather than liver enzyme levels.